In psychology, narcissism is a personality disorder characterized by an inflated sense of self-importance, a deep need for excessive attention and admiration, troubled relationships, and a lack of empathy for others.
Narcissistic
Personality Disorder (NPD) is a more severe form of narcissism and is classified
as a mental condition. People with NPD have an inflated sense of worth and
deeply need others' attention and admiration. Still, they’re also likely to be
unhappy and disappointed when not given the admiration they think they deserve.
Their relationships are often troubled because they consider themselves
superior to everyone around them.
A
person with NPD may display the following characteristics:
Have
an exaggerated sense of self-importance.
Have
a sense of entitlement and require constant, excessive admiration.
Expect
to be recognized as superior even without achievements that warrant it.
Exaggerate
achievements and talents.
Be
preoccupied with fantasies about success, power, brilliance, beauty, or the
perfect mate.
Believe
they are superior and can only associate with equally remarkable people.
Monopolize
conversations and belittle or look down on people they perceive as inferior.
Expect
special favors and unquestioning compliance with their expectations.
Take
advantage of others to get what they want.
Have
an inability or unwillingness to recognize the needs and feelings of others.
Be
envious of others and believe others envy them.
Behave
arrogantly or haughtily, coming across as conceited, boastful, and pretentious.
The
causes of NPD aren't well-understood, but like most personality disorders, it's
believed to result from a combination of genetic and environmental factors.
Early life experiences, such as sensitive temperament, excessive pampering or
criticism, trauma, and abuse, may also play a role.
Regarding
remedies and treatment, psychotherapy (talk therapy) is usually the first line
of treatment. Cognitive-behavioral therapy can be beneficial, which helps
individuals identify unhealthy, negative beliefs and behaviors and replace them
with healthy, positive ones. Family therapy, group therapy, and couples therapy
can also be helpful.
Medications
aren't typically used to treat NPD, but if the individual has other conditions,
such as depression or anxiety, medication might be recommended.
Living
with NPD or being in a relationship with a person who has NPD can be very
challenging. Self-care, setting boundaries, seeking support from trusted
friends or family members, and professional help, such as therapy or support
groups, can be beneficial.
It's
important to note that a qualified mental health professional should diagnose NPD, and the person with the disorder should also seek treatment from a professional. It's not something that someone can diagnose or treat on
their own.
